In-vitro Fertilization (IVF) Department

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In Vitro Fertilization Service at Anadolu Medical Center

Let's say hello to your miracles together with our expert team and advanced health technologies.

IVF Center

At the Anadolu Medical Center IVF Center, a treatment aimed at the cause is first proposed to couples applying with the desire to have children. If infertility is present, general reproductive assistance treatments may be applied.

The fertilization of a human egg outside the body was first successfully achieved in 1973, but no pregnancy resulted from the resulting embryo. In July 1978, the first test-tube baby, "Louise Brown," was born in England. After this, hormone drugs used in ovulation treatments began to be developed. The real progress was recorded in 1996 with the discovery of ICSI (intracytoplasmic sperm injection). Thus, the success rate in IVF applications increased, and significant progress was made in male infertility problems.

What is an Egg Cell?

Throughout normal life, an adult woman produces one egg cell each month until menopause. In many infertility (sterility) treatments, the number of egg cells is increased to produce more embryos. This process is done through the short-term use of various hormone drugs. Having more eggs will increase the chance of fertilization and developing quality embryos, allowing the best quality embryo to be placed in the mother.

What is a Sperm Cell?

Unlike the single egg cell produced each month, the male reproductive cells, sperm, are numerous, numbering in the millions. The process of creating a sperm cell in the male reproductive organs takes approximately 75 days. At the end of this period, the mature sperms are expelled into the external environment within the semen. Under normal conditions, sperm cells race towards a single egg, and the fastest and highest quality one breaks through the outer membrane of the egg cell to achieve fertilization.

What is Fertilization?

After the sperm enters the egg cell, two "pronuclei," which are indicative of fertilization, become visible 16-20 hours later. One of the pronuclei contains the genetic material, or chromosomes, from the mother, and the other contains the genetic material from the father. As time progresses, these two pronuclei merge and combine to form the chromosomes of the offspring.

What is Infertility?

Infertility, also known as sterility, is a common and significant issue in today's society. Approximately 10-15% of couples of childbearing age face difficulties in conceiving and can only have children with medical treatment.

What Causes Infertility?

Infertility can originate from either the woman, the man, or both. In 40% of infertility cases, the issue is related to low sperm count or quality in men, while in another 40%, the cause is related to factors from the woman. Infertility is attributed to both partners in about 10% of cases, and in the remaining 10%, no specific cause for infertility can be identified despite normal test results. This condition is referred to as "unexplained infertility."

Who Experiences Infertility?

One in every 7-10 couples experiences infertility problems. In the United States alone, approximately 10 million couples face infertility issues, while in Turkey, around 2-3 million couples are affected.

Worldwide, there are over 8 million babies born through IVF to date.

Female-Related Infertility

Female-related infertility refers to the decreased or loss of ability to conceive due to factors originating from a woman's reproductive system. Examples of causes include irregular ovarian functions, tubal blockages, and endometriosis.

01

Ovulation Problems

This is the most common cause of infertility in women. Patients who are unable to develop eggs naturally, as mentioned below, may be candidates for IVF treatment.

Polycystic Ovary Syndrome (PCOS) is a major cause of irregular ovulation in women. It is a condition that often leads to infertility due to irregular menstrual cycles and ovarian cysts, and may be accompanied by excessive hair growth and weight gain.

Another common ovulation problem is related to Low Ovarian Reserve. This condition is more related to the woman's genetic makeup; some women may be born with relatively fewer eggs or may deplete their existing eggs more quickly. Cancer treatments (such as chemotherapy or radiotherapy) or surgery can also lead to a low ovarian reserve. Additionally, advancing age naturally contributes to this issue.

Similarly, Hormonal Insufficiency (Hypogonadotropic Hypogonadism), which is related to the woman's genetic makeup and involves a lack of hormones from the brain that stimulate the ovaries, can also prevent egg development.

Additionally, excess levels of prolactin, a hormone normally involved in breastfeeding and secreted by the pituitary gland in the brain, can negatively impact ovulation. In such cases, medication can reduce prolactin levels and help restore regular ovulation.

Similarly, hypothyroidism in women can be treated with thyroid hormone replacement therapy to restore ovulation. Excessive exercise or dieting can also suppress ovulation and lead to menstrual irregularities.

02

Age of the Woman

Due to changing sociocultural factors such as education, career planning, and economic concerns, the age at which women have children is gradually increasing.

The quality of eggs is crucial for pregnancy. After the age of 35, the quality and quantity of eggs begin to decline. This decline occurs more rapidly after the age of 40. As the quality of the eggs decreases, it becomes increasingly difficult to conceive.

The success rate of in vitro fertilization treatments varies according to the woman's age. The chance of pregnancy decreases over the age of 40, while the risk of miscarriage and having a baby with anomalies increases. It is possible to achieve a healthy pregnancy with in vitro fertilization treatments and additional methods we use (preimplantation genetic testing - PGT).

03

Ovarian Reserve

In women, the number of eggs can decrease with advanced age (as expected) or at a younger age. Past ovarian surgeries, endometriosis, radiation therapy, chemotherapy, genetic disorders, or a family history of early menopause can lead to a decrease in the number of eggs.

On the 3rd day of the menstrual cycle, seeing 6-7 follicles in each ovary on ultrasound indicates a good ovarian reserve. Having 12 or more follicles suggests polycystic ovary syndrome, while fewer than 5 follicles indicate low ovarian reserve. 1-2 antral follicles suggest a very low chance of pregnancy. An AMH value below 1.2 indicates low ovarian reserve.

The most accurate way to determine ovarian reserve is by evaluating the number of antral follicles in the ovaries on ultrasound and checking the AMH level.

04

Fallopian Tube Blockage

This is another common issue affecting women. Previous infections of the reproductive organs, ectopic pregnancies, abdominal surgeries, or endometriosis (the displacement of the uterine lining to another area) can cause adhesions in the fallopian tubes, leading to blockage. When blockage occurs, pregnancy cannot happen because the egg and sperm cannot meet due to the mechanical obstruction. Such blockages are rarely corrected by surgery. However, in severely damaged tubes, the success rate is significantly low, and the chances of re-blockage and ectopic pregnancy are high. In such cases, the treatment continues with in vitro fertilization.

05

Structural Uterine Anomalies

These structural abnormalities can be either congenital or acquired later in life. Examples of congenital shape abnormalities include the formation of an additional partition in the middle of the uterus or a Double Uterus. More commonly, issues such as fibroids or polyps that develop later and cause irregularities within the uterus are encountered. Additionally, intrauterine adhesions resulting from past infections or abortions are also observed. All of these can prevent the fertilized egg from implanting in the uterine wall and developing healthily, leading to infertility. These shape abnormalities can be corrected with Hysteroscopy or Laparoscopy surgeries prior to IVF treatment.

Male Infertility

Male infertility refers to the condition where factors originating from the male reproductive system reduce or eliminate the ability of the sperm cell to join with the egg and achieve pregnancy. Examples of causes of male infertility include insufficient sperm production, reduced sperm motility, or abnormalities in sperm morphology.

01

Hormonal Causes

Sperm production is regulated by hormones such as FSH and LH, which are released by the pituitary gland in the brain. Infertility can occur due to irregular secretion of these hormones.

02

Undescended Testis (Cryptorchidism)

Testes normally descend into the scrotum at birth or within the first year. Healthy sperm production occurs at a temperature lower than the body temperature. When the testes do not descend, the testes remaining in the abdomen are exposed to higher temperatures, which disrupts sperm production and can lead to infertility in men.

03

Testicular Tumors

The medications and radiation therapy used during tumor treatment adversely affect sperm production.

04

Testicular Trauma

Infertility caused by injuries and accidents.

05

Varicocele

This is an abnormal enlargement of the veins surrounding the testicles. Having a varicocele does not necessarily mean infertility, but it is among the causes of infertility. A study found that varicocele was present in 20% of men who had previously fathered a child. In couples with a healthy female partner, the incidence of varicocele is around 35-40%.

Varicocele is more commonly seen on the left side. This condition, which occurs in 10% of men, usually does not cause any symptoms. Varicocele is detected through testicular examination and ultrasonographic imaging. In men with varicocele, the increase in temperature in the scrotum due to slowed blood flow can lead to infertility. Varicocele surgery involves treating the enlarged veins by injecting special solutions or ligating them. Surgery is recommended when another cause of infertility is not found or when varicocele causes pain.

06

Infection

Microbial infections in the reproductive organs can cause infertility. Examples include tuberculosis, sexually transmitted diseases (such as chlamydia), and gonorrhea (also known as "the clap").

07

Genetic Factors

Genetic disorders such as Klinefelter syndrome and cystic fibrosis are also causes of infertility.

08

Environmental Factors and Habits

The man's occupation, smoking and drug use, as well as medications used in the treatment of certain diseases, can also lead to infertility.

Treatment Processes at Anadolu Medical Center IVF Unit:

The following methods may be applied to couples seeking treatment at the IVF center to have children:

Other Methods Used in IVF Treatment

Embryo Scratching

The embryo's attachment to the mother's uterus occurs by breaking through the membrane surrounding it, exiting, and attaching to the uterine wall. In cases where this surrounding membrane is thick, or the mother's age is advanced, the attachment becomes difficult, or may not occur at all. Embryo scratching involves thinning this membrane under a microscope.

Blastocyst Transfer

This method is applied if at least 5 high-quality embryos are obtained in the first three days after fertilization. Performed on the fifth day after egg retrieval, this transfer is useful for selecting the best embryos. It is also suitable for minimizing the possibility of multiple pregnancies.

Embryo Freezing

The best-quality embryos are transferred to the mother. Remaining good-quality embryos can be frozen and stored for future use. If pregnancy is not achieved after the first transfer or if a second child is desired, the embryos can be thawed and transferred to the uterus again.

This process eliminates the need for ovarian stimulation with medications and egg retrieval. The embryos are subjected to various solutions at specific time intervals and temperatures to help them gain resistance to freezing. They are then placed in an embryo freezing device. As per regulations, embryos can be stored with annual consent.

Preimplantation Genetic Testing (PGT or PGD)

The chromosomal structure of the unborn baby, meaning the genetic material in the cells, is examined through screening tests during pregnancy (such as the double and triple tests) and by analyzing cells from the pregnancy sac (amniocentesis).

Preimplantation genetic testing, i.e., genetic testing done before embryo transfer to the mother, is a very important diagnostic method for couples at risk of having a child with genetic disorders or a carrier of genetic diseases. PGT is recommended for couples with recurrent pregnancy losses, advanced maternal age, or multiple failed IVF attempts. This method allows couples to have a healthy child by excluding genetic diseases.

How is Preimplantation Genetic Testing (PGT or PGD) applied?

After evaluating whether the patient is suitable for PGT, a genetic test is performed on the blood taken from the patient or carrier individuals. For this, the female patient is prepared for IVF treatment. The retrieved eggs are fertilized with the male partner's sperm. On the 5th day of embryonic development (Blastocyst), 3-5 cells (blastomeres) are taken under a microscope. After the biopsy, these cells are sent to the genetic diagnosis laboratory. After various procedures, it is determined which embryos carry the disease and which do not. Embryos that do not carry the disease are transferred to the mother's uterus.

In light of scientific data, the application of PGT to all embryos has not been accepted. The generally accepted practice in the international medical community is to apply PGT when there is a known family history of genetic anomalies, a chromosomal disorder detected in previous pregnancies, repeated miscarriages, or when the mother is of advanced age, increasing the risk of chromosomal disorders.

Embryoglue

Embryoglue, also known as embryo glue, is an embryo culture medium enriched with hyaluronan, which is applied before the embryo transfer. Hyaluronan enhances the interaction between the embryo and the uterine wall, helping the embryo attach to the uterus. Therefore, this method is used to increase the success rate in IVF treatments.

Microchip

Sperm chips, used for selecting healthy sperm, consist of microchannels. First, a special solution is placed in these channels, followed by sperm. Just like the natural passage of sperm through the tubes in the body, sperm pass through these channels, while sperm with damaged DNA get stuck, and healthy sperm pass through to be collected on the other side. This method can be particularly useful for individuals with severe structural problems in their sperm, as it helps achieve better-quality embryos through microinjection.

PRP (Platelet-Rich Plasma)

PRP is a method recently used in many areas of medicine. Its effect is based on separating the individual's own blood cells (platelet-rich plasma) and injecting them into the area of the body that needs them, activating inactive cells in that region.

PRP can be applied in IVF treatment for two reasons:

To provide tissue repair and obtain high-quality eggs in patients with no eggs or very few eggs, those diagnosed with early menopause and premature ovarian failure, or those with poor egg quality.
The other use of PRP in IVF treatment is for women whose uterine lining does not develop sufficiently during the treatment. After evaluating the uterus through hysteroscopy, if sufficient uterine development is still not achieved, PRP is an effective supportive treatment.

Glutathione Treatment

Glutathione is a naturally occurring antioxidant in our body that protects our cells from the harmful effects of free radicals. Glutathione slows down aging and reduces inflammation.

Glutathione is essential for the normal functioning of many organs, including the reproductive organs, liver, brain, and intestines.

Glutathione treatment can be used as a supportive treatment in IVF to increase antioxidant effects, aiming to obtain better oocytes and better sperm. This treatment is particularly suitable for men with severe sperm problems and women with poor egg quality.

Oocyte Activation

Oocyte activation is a method applied, particularly in cases of fertilization failure or insufficient fertilization. The goal is to increase the chances of the egg being fertilized by sperm.

Oocyte activation is performed through electrical, chemical, or mechanical methods. The most commonly used method today is the chemical method, which involves incubating the eggs in a calcium ionophore solution after microinjection.

Oocyte activation with calcium ionophore can successfully solve fertilization problems, especially in cases where the problem is sperm, egg-related, or unexplained.

IMSI

In routine microinjection procedures, sperm selection is performed under 200x magnification, whereas the IMSI method allows up to 6000x magnification. This improves sperm selection, particularly in men with severe sperm issues, increasing the chance of creating a healthy embryo.

Ovulation Monitoring and Timed Intercourse:

On the 2nd or 3rd day of the patient's menstrual cycle, an ultrasound is performed. If there are no obstacles in the uterus or ovaries to start treatment, hormonal medications in the form of pills or injections are given to stimulate the ovaries. During this period, ultrasound monitoring is performed at regular intervals. When the egg reaches the desired size, timed intercourse is recommended.

Insemination (Intrauterine Insemination - IUI)

This method is used in cases of mild sperm issues related to count, motility, or morphology, the presence of cervical mucus problems (sperm-killing antibodies), inability to have intercourse, and unexplained infertility. In this method, the woman's eggs are stimulated with hormones, and the timing of the procedure is determined based on the development of the eggs. The sperm sample collected from the male is processed in a special laboratory to increase its quality and motility. Healthy, fast-moving sperm are separated for use in the procedure. The prepared sperm is placed in the woman's uterus using a special catheter while she is in an examination position, and after the procedure, the patient rests for half an hour. The success rate of this procedure may vary from person to person.

IVF (In Vitro Fertilization)

In this method, the eggs stimulated by hormones are monitored through ultrasound at regular intervals. When the follicle (egg sacs) reach a certain size, preparations for egg retrieval are made. This process takes about 8-10 days. After the last injection (Trigger Shot) that plays a role in egg maturation, egg retrieval occurs 34-36 hours later. The collected eggs are placed in special solutions in laboratory conditions. They are kept in incubators with a suitable gas mixture for embryos at 37°C body temperature. These incubators, which are humid and dark, mimic the mother's uterus. On the other hand, sperm collected from the patient's partner undergoes special procedures in the lab to prepare it.

After preparation, in the classic IVF method, eggs and sperm are combined under a microscope, and fertilization is expected. Each egg should have 50,000-100,000 sperm around it. The fertilization of the eggs is checked the following day, and their division is monitored over the next few days, with all data recorded in the patient's file.

At the appropriate time (the second, third, fourth, or fifth day following the procedure), the best-quality embryos are selected by the embryologist and gynecologist. A suitable number of embryos are transferred into the uterus using a thin catheter. The number of embryos transferred depends on the mother's age, embryo quality, and previous attempts. In normal procedures, this number is limited to a maximum of two embryos.

ICSI (Intracytoplasmic Sperm Injection - Microinjection)

This method is applied when the sperm count, motility, or normal structure is low in the semen sample, or when normal sperm fail to fertilize the egg. The maturity of the eggs that will undergo microinjection should be determined beforehand. Sperm with proper structural features are selected under high magnification through a microscope and injected into the egg. This procedure ensures the fertilization of a single egg with a single sperm cell. Afterward, as in IVF, fertilization is checked the next day, and cell division is monitored in the following days. The highest-quality suitable embryos are transferred into the mother's uterus.

Fertilized Egg

After the sperm enters the egg cell, two "pronuclei" appear after 16-20 hours, which is the sign of fertilization. One of the pronuclei contains the genetic material (chromosomes) from the mother, and the other contains the genetic material from the father. As time passes, these two pronuclei merge into each other, forming the chromosomes of the embryo.

Two-cell, four-cell, eight-cell

The embryo formed undergoes its first division approximately 26 hours later, forming two cells. The next day, it forms four cells, and on the third day, it becomes a 6-8 cell embryo.

Five-day embryo

In a four-day embryo, the cell count is not visibly distinguishable, and it takes on a compact appearance. In a five-day embryo, a fluid-filled cavity forms, and it contains approximately 150-200 cells, becoming a blastocyst.

The transferred embryo attaches to the mother's uterus by tearing its surrounding membrane, exiting, and adhering to the uterine wall.

Treatments for Absence of Sperm in Semen

The absence of sperm in the semen is known as azoospermia. It occurs due to blockages in the sperm-carrying ducts or disorders in sperm production in the testes. The treatment method is microinjection. In this treatment, sperm retrieval is performed through surgical procedures known as TESA or TESE, carried out by a urologist. Currently, about 5% of couples visiting IVF centers are treated with these methods.

TESA (Testicular Sperm Aspiration)

This method is used when there is no sperm found in the semen due to blocked or undeveloped sperm-carrying ducts, or very limited sperm production. It involves withdrawing fluid from the testes using a needle to obtain sperm cells.

The procedure is performed under local anesthesia, and the patient can resume normal activities on the same day. The mature or developing sperm obtained by this method are used in ICSI (microinjection) procedures.

TESE (Testicular Sperm Extraction)

When TESA does not yield results or in cases of advanced sperm production deficiency, a sample is surgically taken from the testes. The operation is performed under local anesthesia, and the patient can return to their normal life the same day. This procedure involves taking small tissue fragments from the testes. The obtained tissue samples are further examined under a microscope. If sperm cells are found, they undergo various preparatory stages to be used in ICSI (microinjection).

Micro TESE Method

Men with azoospermia who are unable to have children can have children through a method called 'microscopic testicular sperm extraction' or 'micro TESE.' In cases where there is no obstruction, sperm production in the testes is either absent or very limited in specific areas. While some tubules may have no production, others may contain a small number of sperm. In men without sperm in their semen, this procedure uses an operating microscope to identify areas with sperm more easily, enabling sperm retrieval. Under anesthesia, the testes are opened and examined under a microscope. This method allows for better identification of areas where sperm is produced, and because less tissue is removed, samples can be taken from multiple areas. The use of the operating microscope makes it easier to distinguish areas with a higher likelihood of sperm presence. It also minimizes damage to the blood vessels supplying the tissue.

This method increases the chances of finding sperm and ensures that more sperm can be obtained. Another important factor is that the tissue loss from the testes is significantly lower compared to the older method.

This way, the operation minimizes damage to the testes, and processes that could reduce the levels of testosterone in the blood are avoided.

Frequently Asked Questions

Who is IVF treatment applied to?

Infertility is when couples are unable to conceive despite having unprotected sexual intercourse for one year. IVF treatment is commonly applied in the following situations:

When the fallopian tubes are blocked or have been surgically removed,
In cases of unexplained infertility,
When the male's reproductive cells (sperm) are unable to fertilize the egg due to issues with their number, shape, or motility,
In patients with endometriomas (chocolate cysts) who have not been able to conceive despite treatment,
In patients with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) where previous treatments have not been successful,
In cases with congenital anatomical abnormalities that prevent fertilization,
In immunological infertility cases,
In cases of genetic disease carrier status,
In older women or those with a poor ovarian response and at risk of early menopause,

Is there a difference between pregnancy achieved through IVF and pregnancy achieved naturally?

There is no difference between pregnancies achieved through IVF and those that occur naturally.

When Should You Consider IVF?

If a married couple has been trying to conceive for 1 year without success, it is recommended to seek expert help and begin appropriate treatment. However, for those aged 35 and older, we advise shortening this period to 6 months.

What is the maximum age for starting IVF treatment? Is there a limit?

If hormone tests and ultrasound indicate that ovarian capacity and function are appropriate, IVF treatment can be applied up to the age of 46-47.

What is the maximum number of IVF attempts allowed?

There is no limit to the number of IVF attempts, as the safety of the hormonal medications used in IVF has been demonstrated by numerous scientific studies. However, it is a well-known fact that the success rate decreases after the third IVF attempt.

What to do if sperm count is very low or if no sperm is found in a sperm analysis?

If the sperm count is low, fertilization of the egg is achieved using the ICSI (Intracytoplasmic Sperm Injection) method.
If no sperm is found in the semen, a surgical procedure to retrieve sperm from the testis is performed (TESA or Micro-TESE procedure).

Who should consider egg freezing?

* Before undergoing treatments such as chemotherapy and radiotherapy (for women who need to start treatments that damage egg cells, like chemotherapy and radiotherapy)
Operations related to reproductive functions (for patients undergoing surgeries that may lead to loss of reproductive function, such as removal of ovaries)
In cases of a family history of early menopause (for women with a family history of early menopause or those with low ovarian reserve but who are not yet considering pregnancy)
If planning to become a mother at an older age
For women who focus on their careers and delay motherhood until their late 30s
For single women who have been diagnosed with low ovarian reserve and do not plan to marry in the near future, egg freezing is recommended.

How long can eggs be stored?

At the Anadolu Medical Center's IVF Department, we currently freeze eggs using the latest vitrification technique at -196 degrees Celsius in liquid nitrogen. According to scientific data and our own observations, the duration of storage, whether long or short, does not affect the quality or genetic profile of the eggs.

What are the success rates of IVF treatment?

Success rates for IVF treatment have risen to 65-70% over the last 20 years. One of the main reasons for this increase is the advancement in laboratory environments. Modern embryology laboratories can better analyze the nutrients and conditions needed for embryos and perform genetic analyses to select healthier embryos. Additionally, the success rate of embryos that are frozen and thawed has now exceeded the success rate of fresh embryos in some cases, whereas it was previously half as effective. Furthermore, the introduction of new medications, improved treatment methods, reduced errors, and increased experience of doctors have all contributed to higher success rates in IVF treatment.

Do embryos get damaged during the freezing process?

In our laboratory, embryos frozen using the vitrification technique can achieve the same pregnancy rates as fresh embryo transfers. In some cases, the success rate of frozen embryo transfer can be higher due to better control of the uterine development. It is encouraging to note that the survival rate of embryos after thawing is around 97%.

Does modern life affect infertility?

Nowadays, increasing environmental pollution, stress, nuclear waste, genetic modifications in food, and hormones used as additives negatively affect sperm production and ovarian reserve. Additionally, aging significantly reduces ovarian reserve and can affect sperm count.

How does fertility change after the age of 40?

It is generally accepted that fertility decreases with age. While women in their 20s and 30s have a 25-30% chance of conceiving in a single menstrual cycle, this rate drops to 5% at the beginning of their 40s. Age is the most significant factor affecting the success rates of fertility treatments. The quality of eggs deteriorates with age, ovarian reserve significantly decreases, and the risk of abnormalities in eggs increases, all of which contribute to the reduced pregnancy rates.

Who should consider Preimplantation Genetic Diagnosis (PGD)?

PGD is recommended for couples who have a hereditary disease and wish to have a healthy child. It is also advised for couples undergoing assisted reproductive techniques like IVF or ICSI, where there is a high risk of chromosomal abnormalities in embryos (e.g., advanced maternal age, repeated pregnancy losses, severe sperm problems, repeated IVF failures).

Areas of Interest

What is Embryo Transfer? How is Embryo Transfer Performed?

Embryo transfer is the process of placing embryos, developed in a laboratory setting outside the woman’s body during IVF treatment, into the prospective mother’s uterus. Defined as the fertilization of egg cells collected from the prospective mother with sperm cells taken from the prospective father in a laboratory environment, and then transferring them into the mother’s uterus, embryo transfer can assist couples who are unable to conceive naturally to achieve pregnancy.

What is Low Egg Reserve (AMH)?, Causes and Treatment

The decline in egg count in women is a common cause of infertility today. From a certain age, both the quantity and quality of a woman's eggs decrease, which can reduce the chances of fertilization and hinder the ability to conceive. This condition, indicating a decrease in the fertility hormone known as AMH (Anti-Müllerian Hormone), can sometimes also occur in young women. To learn more about low egg reserve, continue reading the rest of the text.

How to Improve Egg Reserve and Quality?

Egg reserve is an important term that helps understand a woman's fertility potential. This concept is used to assess a woman’s reproductive capacity and the quantity of eggs in her ovaries.

What is the Egg Freezing Procedure, and Who is Eligible?

Egg freezing is a reproductive option for women who wish to preserve their fertility potential for later in life. The procedure involves stimulating the ovaries with hormonal medications and freezing the mature eggs that are collected. In this way, individuals can create a reproductive plan that suits their lifestyle and needs

Causes, Symptoms, Diagnosis, and Treatment of Tubal Obstruction

Blocked fallopian tubes are a common issue affecting female reproductive health. These tubes facilitate fertilization by connecting the ovaries to the uterus. When a blockage occurs, it can disrupt this complex reproductive process and lead to infertility. The causes of blockage can include infections, endometriosis, or injuries from previous surgeries. Understanding the causes of these blockages, learning about diagnosis and treatment options, is crucial for couples wishing to conceive.

Glutathione Treatment in IVF Applications

To have a healthy baby, both the sperm and the egg must be healthy. However, free radicals generated as a result of metabolic events can accumulate in the body and lead to the deterioration of the egg or sperm. This can result in infertility issues. The antioxidant known as glutathione helps eliminate these accumulated radicals from the body, contributing to healthier pregnancies. For this reason, glutathione treatment is important for a healthier pregnancy process in IVF treatments. You can continue reading to learn more about glutathione treatment in IVF.

PRP Application in IVF Method

What is Polycystic Ovary Syndrome (PCOS), Its Symptoms, and Treatment

Polycystic ovary syndrome is a common health issue that affects women of reproductive age. The underlying cause of the syndrome may involve hormonal changes. Androgen hormones, which are typically associated with males, are present in women at certain levels. However, excessive production of these hormones can lead to various disorders. As a result, PCOS can manifest as disruptions in the menstrual cycle, changes in the skin and hair, and the formation of cysts in the ovaries. Although the primary cause of PCOS is still unknown, it is one of the most common causes of infertility. Additionally, there are several risk factors that may predispose individuals to the development of polycystic ovary syndrome. Family history, lifestyle habits, and certain medical conditions can trigger the development of PCOS. If not diagnosed early and treated, polycystic ovary syndrome can lead to long-term complications such as cardiovascular diseases and type 2 diabetes.

What is Infertility, Principles, Diagnosis, and Treatment

There are important steps in our bodies to become pregnant. The brain produces reproductive hormones, the egg matures, and ovulation releases it. The fallopian tubes capture the egg, and the sperm cells from the male partner travel to fertilize the egg. The fertilized egg implants in the uterus, marking the beginning of pregnancy. Disruptions in this complex process can prevent pregnancy from occurring. However, not every failed attempt is considered infertility. Now, let’s examine what infertility is.

What is Embryo Glue? Who is it Used For?

Embryo glue, used in in vitro fertilization treatments, helps create a strong and stable connection between the developing embryo and the uterine lining. You can read on for more information about embryo glue, which significantly increases the chances of successful implantation and pregnancy.

What is a Chip Baby? How is a Chip Baby Made?

Chip implantation in IVF is a medical procedure used to increase the chances of couples achieving pregnancy through natural means. In this method, the eggs of the prospective mother are stimulated and matured. Then, sperm collected from the prospective father is selected in a laboratory environment to fertilize the mother's eggs. The fertilized egg develops into an embryo, which is then placed into the mother's uterus. Chip implantation can be a hopeful option for couples facing infertility issues. The procedure is performed under the supervision of a medical expert and is tailored to the individual health conditions of the couples.

What is a Chocolate Cyst (Endometriosis), Symptoms, and Treatment

A chocolate cyst is a gynecological issue that has a significant impact on women's health. Known medically as endometriosis, a chocolate cyst occurs when tissue similar to the lining of the uterus (the endometrium) grows in areas outside the uterus. Genetic predisposition, hormonal imbalances, retrograde menstrual flow, and immune system issues can all play a role in the formation of chocolate cysts. The combination of these factors can lead to inflammation and bleeding in the endometrial tissue, resulting in chocolate cysts. The name "chocolate cyst" comes from the brownish, liquid-like substance contained within these cysts, which are typically found in the ovaries. Chocolate cysts can cause a range of symptoms, including painful menstrual periods, pelvic pain, pain during intercourse, and fertility issues. This condition can greatly affect women's quality of life and may require long-term treatment.

What is In Vitro Fertilization (IVF)? How is IVF Treatment Performed?

IVF treatment, applied to individuals who cannot conceive naturally, can be defined as the process of bringing together reproductive cells in a laboratory environment.

What is Polycystic Ovary Syndrome? Pregnancy Treatment

"Polycystic Ovary Syndrome" (PCOS), especially common in women who are overweight, can make it difficult to conceive, but it is not an insurmountable barrier.

Ovulation Period: What It Is, Symptoms, and Calculation Method

The ovulation period is when mature eggs are released from the ovaries in women. It is a key part of the menstrual cycle and plays an essential role in conception. There are several signs indicating the onset of ovulation. Women who wish to conceive can monitor these signs and use a specific calculation method to choose the most suitable time to try to become pregnant. Read on to learn more about the ovulation period.

Doctors

All doctors

Gebze Ataşehir

In-vitro Fertilization (IVF) Department

Prof. Tayfun Kutlu

0262 678 50 00

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Gebze Ataşehir

In-vitro Fertilization (IVF) Department

MD. Surgeon Ebru Öztürk Öksüz

0262 678 50 00

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In-vitro Fertilization (IVF) Department

Embryologist Dr. Gözde Kaya

0262 678 50 00

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Gebze Ataşehir

Urology Department

Prof. Cüneyt Adayener

0262 678 50 00

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Gebze

In-vitro Fertilization (IVF) Department

Prof. Tayfun Kutlu

0 262 678 50 00 More Detail

Gebze

In-vitro Fertilization (IVF) Department

MD. Surgeon Ebru Öztürk Öksüz

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In-vitro Fertilization (IVF) Department

Embryologist Dr. Gözde Kaya

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Urology Department

Prof. Cüneyt Adayener

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Department Articles

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Friday, 03 November 2023

What is Infertility? 10 Steps to IVF Treatment

Wednesday, 23 August 2023

11 Questions to Increase Egg Reserve and Quality

Videos

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26.03.2024

Tüp bebek tedavisinde yanlış bilinenler - Prof. Dr. Tayfun Kutlu - Dr. Ebru Ö. Öksüz - Oksijen TV

26.03.2024

Tüp bebek tedavisinde yanlış bilinenler - Prof. Dr. Tayfun Kutlu - Dr. Ebru Ö. Öksüz - Oksijen TV

20.10.2023

Anne Olmayı Engelleyen Sağlık Sorunları - Doç. Dr. Tayfun Kutlu - FOX TV

20.10.2023

Tüp Bebek Tedavisi Hakkında Merak Edilenler?

31.08.2023

Tüp Bebek Tedavisi Hakkında Merak Edilen Her Şey - Canlı Yayın

31.08.2023

Tüp Bebek Tedavisi Nasıl Yapılır? Tüp Bebek Tedavi Aşamaları Nelerdir?

31.08.2023

Tüp Bebek Tedavisiyle İlgili Merak Edilen Her Şey - Canlı Yayın

31.08.2023

Tüp Bebek Tedavisi Süreci Nasıl Başlar?

31.08.2023

Üremeye Yardımcı Bir Tedavi Tekniği olan Aşılama Nedir?

31.08.2023

Tüp Bebek Tedavisi Hangi Sıklıkla Yapılır?

31.08.2023

Tüp Bebek Tedavisinde Genetik Tanı Testi Kimlere Önerilir?

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