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Just as wounds can develop on the outside of the body, it is also normal for wounds to occur inside the body.
Just as wounds can develop on the outside of the body, it is also normal for wounds to occur inside the body. These wounds often cause pain and can occur in other internal organs, especially the stomach.
An ulcer is an open sore that forms on the inner surface of the digestive system. It can develop in the stomach lining, the upper part of the small intestine, or the esophagus. Ulcers occur when digestive juices damage the walls of the stomach and intestines. This type of ulcer is called a peptic ulcer. Ulcers rarely heal on their own, but if left untreated, they may recur. Overgrowth of the Helicobacter pylori bacteria in the digestive system can cause peptic ulcers. Peptic ulcers form as a result of damage or erosion to the protective lining of the digestive system. Although Helicobacter pylori infection does not cause symptoms in most people, it can sometimes irritate the inner lining of the digestive system, leading to a peptic ulcer. While open sores can occur in various areas such as the mouth, stomach, legs, and intestines, the term "ulcer" is most commonly used to refer to ulcers that occur in the stomach and duodenum.
The stomach and duodenum are protected by a mucosal lining, but this lining can wear away over time, particularly depending on diet. While there may be some differences in symptoms between duodenal and gastric ulcers, the symptoms are often similar. The most common complaint is a burning pain in the stomach. Certain foods, in particular, may worsen ulcer-related symptoms. Some people with peptic ulcers may not experience any symptoms at all. The pain frequently associated with ulcers sometimes improves after eating. Generally, ulcer symptoms include:
People with a family history of ulcers are at a higher risk of developing them. Additionally, certain foods, stress, and various diseases can contribute to the formation of ulcers. The causes of ulcers include:
The symptoms of ulcers often resemble those of other conditions such as gallstones or gastroesophageal reflux disease, making an accurate diagnosis very important. Initially, the doctor will inquire about the patient's medical history and current medications. They may also request a blood, stool, or breath test to check for signs of H. pylori infection. The following tests are commonly used:
Ulcers are slow-healing, painful open sores that can recur. They primarily occur in the stomach and duodenum, under the term peptic ulcer. However, they can rarely develop in other areas such as the mouth or legs. These include:
If left untreated, ulcers can lead to several complications, some of which can cause life-threatening symptoms. The potential complications caused by ulcers include:
The treatment depends on the underlying cause of the ulcer. Various medications are available to treat stomach ulcers. Treatment often requires the use of medications that either reduce the amount of acid in the stomach or protect the stomach and duodenum. A common type of medication used to treat ulcers is called proton pump inhibitors. These medications prevent the formation of stomach acids that can lead to ulcers. Additionally, the bacteria causing the ulcer can be treated with antibiotics. Other factors that support treatment include lifestyle changes. In severe cases, surgical methods may be used to repair the digestive system lining. Surgery is not commonly performed, but it may be necessary if there are complications such as bleeding or perforation. In ulcers caused by Zollinger-Ellison syndrome, surgery may be used to remove tumors, which can also prevent the spread of the tumors to other parts of the body.
Ulcer sores can be prevented in some people through lifestyle changes. The following measures can help prevent ulcers:
Overeating, gas, and indigestion can worsen ulcer pain. Therefore, aside from doctor-prescribed painkillers, the following nutrients can help prevent mild pain:
Last Updated Date: 12 April 2023
Publication Date: 12 April 2023
Gastroenterology Department
Gastroenterology Department
Gastroenterology Department
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