Cataracts in 9 Questions!

One of the organs most affected by the aging process is our eyes. Cataracts, which arise from the natural lens of the eye losing its transparency and becoming cloudy, can now be successfully treated with new-generation lenses. However, we still have questions. Here, we share the answers to all our questions based on the insights of Anadolu Health Center Ophthalmology Specialist Dr. Yusuf Avni Yılmaz…

What is a cataract?

A cataract is an eye condition characterized by the clouding of the transparent layer known as the lens, which makes it difficult for light to reach the retina of the eye.

What symptoms does it present?

The initial symptoms include slightly blurred vision, light sensitivity, and an increase in blurriness. Eventually, it can lead to complete vision loss. The variety of complaints depends on the severity of the cataract.

Who gets cataracts?

The most significant risk factor for cataracts is advanced age. While the likelihood of developing cataracts increases with age, they can occur at any age. Diabetes, the use of corticosteroids, excessive sun exposure, and certain metabolic diseases can increase the likelihood of developing cataracts.

How is it treated?

The treatment involves surgery to remove the cloudy lens and replace it with a clear lens. In the past, this surgery required large incisions, which needed stitches and prolonged visual rehabilitation. Fortunately, today cataract surgeries can be performed with smaller incisions, eliminating the need for stitches and allowing for an earlier return to work and social life.

The duration of the surgery is also short. However, since not all cataracts are the same, the duration and overall course of the surgery can vary. Generally, it is performed without the need for general anesthesia; the patient remains awake and can verbally communicate with the surgical team. Of course, general anesthesia is required for infants, children, or patients who have communication difficulties or extreme anxiety.

Is surgery the only treatment for cataracts? Is there an age limit?

Cataracts are treated solely through surgery, and there is no age limit for the procedure. Any cataract that disrupts vision can be surgically removed at any age. There are even infants born with cataracts, and it is extremely important that these are diagnosed early and operated on as soon as possible to prevent permanent vision loss.

What should patients pay attention to after surgery?

In the first few days, patients need to maintain hygiene and use the prescribed eye drops

Do cataracts recur?

Cataracts do not recur, but some patients may experience clouding behind the lens. This condition does not require another surgery and can be resolved with a short laser procedure in outpatient settings.

Can cataract formation be prevented?

While it may not be possible to prevent cataracts, wearing sunglasses, controlling diabetes, managing any metabolic diseases, and maintaining a balanced diet can reduce the likelihood of developing cataracts

What are the latest developments regarding new lenses?

Over time, there have been many developments related to the lenses used. In the past, only monofocal lenses were used, whereas today multifocal lenses that allow for both distance and near vision can be preferred for suitable patients.

Last Updated Date: 21 February 2024

Publication Date: 21 February 2024

MD. Surgeon Yusuf Yılmaz

Ophthalmology Department

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