Eczema is a common skin condition that causes dry and itchy lesions on the skin's surface. Many genetic and environmental factors can contribute to eczema. This disease is not contagious; however, exposure to any allergen or irritant can exacerbate eczema symptoms. These symptoms can include severe dryness and itching, skin rashes, swelling, and thick, red lesions. In some cases, the symptoms can be intense, negatively affecting a person's quality of life and daily activities. Therefore, some treatment methods are applied to manage the symptoms.
Eczema, also known as atopic dermatitis, is a condition that has become more prevalent in recent years. Although it is commonly observed during childhood, it can affect individuals of all ages. Eczema that develops in later life may also be accompanied by other allergic diseases, such as asthma and allergic rhinitis. Furthermore, eczema can serve as an early indicator of these diseases. It is a chronic condition that is considered an inflammatory skin problem with flare-up and remission periods.
The epidermis is the outermost layer of the skin, and it is the first area of the body that comes into contact with the environment. Disruptions in the function of the epidermal barrier, combined with genetic, immunological, and environmental factors that cause immune system dysfunction, can lead to the development of this disease. There are many types of eczema. Each type has triggers that can affect the skin barrier’s function. The types of eczema include atopic, contact, dyshidrotic, neurodermatitis, stasis, numular, and seborrheic dermatitis. It is also possible to have multiple types of eczema at the same time.
Eczema symptoms can appear anywhere on the body. However, it is commonly found on the hands, neck, face, cheeks, lips, elbows, ankles, knees, feet, and around the ears. Less commonly, it may appear around the nipples, breasts, skin folds near the vagina, and around the penis. Eczema symptoms vary from person to person, but the most commonly observed symptoms are as follows:
There is no single cause for the development of eczema. Each type of eczema has one or more triggers. However, the most common factors include a family history of eczema, stress, and exposure to certain environmental triggers. Eczema is a health problem that can occur at any age. Individuals with allergies, hay fever, and asthma have a higher risk of developing eczema. The causes of eczema can be listed as follows:
Individuals with eczema have very sensitive skin. Therefore, sensitive skin care can help control flare-ups caused by eczema. Methods that can be used to reduce itching and soothe inflamed skin are as follows:
Eczema treatment begins with regular moisturization and personal care habits. However, in some cases, these methods may not be enough, so doctors may recommend various medications to control itching and support skin repair. Sometimes, medical treatments are combined with other therapies. The methods used in eczema treatment are briefly described as follows:
There are some simple steps that can be taken to prevent eczema flare-ups or its spread. These steps are briefly mentioned as follows:
Eczema is a very common and bothersome skin disorder. It can severely affect a person’s quality of life, education, and work. It can prevent sleep, distract attention, and cause discomfort in social settings. Therefore, it is recommended to consult a specialist doctor or dermatologist when symptoms appear.
Last Updated Date: 11 March 2024
Publication Date: 11 March 2024
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